{"id":33933,"date":"2025-05-23T17:12:44","date_gmt":"2025-05-23T21:12:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cep-experts.ca\/?p=33933"},"modified":"2025-05-30T13:45:52","modified_gmt":"2025-05-30T17:45:52","slug":"apres-une-tempete-de-grele-evaluer-et-identifier-les-dommages-aux-batiments","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cep-experts.ca\/fr\/apres-une-tempete-de-grele-evaluer-et-identifier-les-dommages-aux-batiments\/","title":{"rendered":"Apr\u00e8s une temp\u00eate de gr\u00eale : \u00e9valuer et identifier les dommages aux b\u00e2timents"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\tAccueil<\/a><\/span><\/span>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div> \r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div> \r\n\t\t\t<\/div> \r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t[et_pb_section fb_built=\u00a0\u00bb1″ admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbsection\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.20.4″ custom_margin=\u00a0\u00bb||0px||false|false\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb0px||0px||false|false\u00a0\u00bb locked=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_row admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbContenu 1 colonne: Intro, titre, photo, paragraphe\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.4″ background_size=\u00a0\u00bbinitial\u00a0\u00bb background_position=\u00a0\u00bbtop_left\u00a0\u00bb background_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbrepeat\u00a0\u00bb width=\u00a0\u00bb100%\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb0px||||false|false\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.16″ custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb|||\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding__hover=\u00a0\u00bb|||\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_text admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbSub title\u00a0\u00bb module_class=\u00a0\u00bbh2-articles\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.4″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb text_font=\u00a0\u00bb|700|||||||\u00a0\u00bb text_font_size=\u00a0\u00bb30px\u00a0\u00bb text_line_height=\u00a0\u00bb1.2em\u00a0\u00bb header_font=\u00a0\u00bb|700|||||||\u00a0\u00bb header_2_font=\u00a0\u00bb|700|||||||\u00a0\u00bb header_2_font_size=\u00a0\u00bb25px\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]

\u00c9tablir s\u2019il y a un lien entre la temp\u00eate et les d\u00e9g\u00e2ts<\/p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbAuthor\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.4″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]

Par Carla Ladner, P.Eng.<\/p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbTexte 1″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.4″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]

Chaque ann\u00e9e, les temp\u00eates de gr\u00eale causent des dommages partout au Canada. Bien que les temp\u00eates les plus importantes surviennent souvent dans le sud de l\u2019Alberta, la gr\u00eale peut \u00e9galement causer des dommages en Saskatchewan, au Manitoba et en Ontario, entre autres. La gr\u00eale se forme g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement lorsque des gouttelettes de pluie sont pouss\u00e9es vers le haut dans l\u2019atmosph\u00e8re par un fort courant ascendant. Si les gouttes montent suffisamment haut pour atteindre une couche plus froide de l\u2019atmosph\u00e8re, elles g\u00e8lent et deviennent des gr\u00ealons. Ces gr\u00ealons retombent ensuite au sol lorsque le courant ascendant n\u2019est plus assez fort pour les soutenir. Si un gr\u00ealon commence \u00e0 tomber, mais est \u00e0 nouveau pouss\u00e9 vers le haut, il peut accumuler de l\u2019humidit\u00e9 suppl\u00e9mentaire. Cette humidit\u00e9 peut geler, ajoutant des couches et augmentant la taille du gr\u00ealon (voir figure\u00a01). En g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, plus un gr\u00ealon est gros, plus les forces du vent qui l\u2019accompagnent sont importantes et plus les dommages potentiels sont \u00e9lev\u00e9s.<\/strong><\/p>\r[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/cep-experts.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/figure-1-hailstone-with-layers.jpg\u00a0\u00bb alt=\u00a0\u00bbHail damage_Hailstone with layers\u00a0\u00bb title_text=\u00a0\u00bbHailstone with layers\u00a0\u00bb admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbimage 1 \u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.4″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb width=\u00a0\u00bb100%\u00a0\u00bb border_radii=\u00a0\u00bbon|20px|20px|20px|20px\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.4″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb text_font=\u00a0\u00bb|700|||||||\u00a0\u00bb text_font_size=\u00a0\u00bb25px\u00a0\u00bb custom_margin=\u00a0\u00bb|||0px|false|false\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb0px|||0px|false|false\u00a0\u00bb locked=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]

Figure 1 – <\/em>Gr\u00ealon avec couches augmentant la taille du gr\u00ealon<\/h6>\r[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbTexte 2″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.4″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]

La vitesse de chute d\u2019un gr\u00ealon d\u00e9pend de sa taille, des conditions locales de vent, de la temp\u00e9rature pendant sa chute et de la friction avec l\u2019atmosph\u00e8re. Sa vitesse est souvent directement li\u00e9e \u00e0 la force de son impact et, par cons\u00e9quent, aux dommages qui en r\u00e9sultent.<\/p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbTexte orange\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.4″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb text_font=\u00a0\u00bb|700|||||||\u00a0\u00bb text_text_color=\u00a0\u00bb#d95826″ locked=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]

La gr\u00eale frappe g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement de mani\u00e8re uniforme sur une surface, si bien qu\u2019il est tr\u00e8s rare d\u2019observer une seule marque d\u2019impact apr\u00e8s une temp\u00eate de gr\u00eale. Toutefois, ce n\u2019est pas toujours le cas. Certains impacts peuvent causer plus de dommages que d\u2019autres, car la taille des gr\u00ealons peut varier consid\u00e9rablement au cours d\u2019une m\u00eame temp\u00eate. Les dommages caus\u00e9s par la gr\u00eale ne seraient donc g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement pas concentr\u00e9s dans une vall\u00e9e ou au bord d\u2019un toit. Mais, il est courant qu\u2019un versant de toit ou qu\u2019une fa\u00e7ade d\u2019un b\u00e2timent soit plus touch\u00e9e que les autres, selon la direction de la temp\u00eate.<\/p>\r[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbTexte 2″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.4″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]

Pour \u00e9valuer correctement les dommages caus\u00e9s par une temp\u00eate de gr\u00eale, un examen approfondi de toutes les informations disponibles est n\u00e9cessaire. Cela comprend l\u2019analyse des photographies prises pendant ou peu apr\u00e8s la temp\u00eate, les notes des entrepreneurs, les rapports des propri\u00e9taires, les images historiques de Google, les articles de presse ainsi que toute autre information pertinente, y compris les donn\u00e9es climatiques historiques ou propres \u00e0 la temp\u00eate. Toutefois, les donn\u00e9es sur les temp\u00eates de gr\u00eale disponibles au Canada sont souvent tr\u00e8s limit\u00e9es par rapport \u00e0 celles accessibles aux \u00c9tats-Unis. Quelques informations, telles que des notes sur les temp\u00eates peuvent \u00eatre obtenues aupr\u00e8s d\u2019Environnement Canada. Certains organismes gouvernementaux ou des sites m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques priv\u00e9s fournissent aussi de l\u2019information, mais la taille et la vitesse des gr\u00ealons sont g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement mal document\u00e9es. C\u2019est pourquoi nous nous appuyons \u00e9galement sur d\u2019autres sources d\u2019information climatique, comme celles mentionn\u00e9es pr\u00e9c\u00e9demment.<\/p>\r\n

Les temp\u00eates de gr\u00eale peuvent causer des dommages importants au rev\u00eatement ext\u00e9rieur des habitations (voir figure\u00a02). Le parement peut se fracturer, se fissurer ou se fendre. Des impacts de gr\u00eale violents peuvent m\u00eame endommager les membranes de rev\u00eatement ou le support mural. Des gr\u00ealons plus gros peuvent, de mani\u00e8re similaire, affecter les enduits de type stucco. Cependant, il faudrait un impact de gr\u00eale extr\u00eamement puissant pour endommager des parements en ma\u00e7onnerie. Il n\u2019est pas rare que, suivant une temp\u00eate, des irr\u00e9gularit\u00e9s naturelles dans les \u00e9l\u00e9ments de ma\u00e7onnerie soient confondues avec des dommages caus\u00e9s par la gr\u00eale (voir figure\u00a03).<\/p>\r[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=\u00a0\u00bb1_2,1_2″ admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbContenu 2 colonnes: titres, paragraphes, texte bleu\u00a0\u00bb module_class=\u00a0\u00bbpost-2-columns\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.21.0″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb0px||||false|false\u00a0\u00bb locked=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_2″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.20.4″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb10px|2%|||false|false\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px|0%|||false|false\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bb|0%|||false|false\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding_last_edited=\u00a0\u00bbon|phone\u00a0\u00bb border_color_right=\u00a0\u00bb#13a6a4″ global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_image src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/cep-experts.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/figure-2-damaged-residential-cladding-e1748030605159.jpeg\u00a0\u00bb alt=\u00a0\u00bbDamaged residential cladding\u00a0\u00bb title_text=\u00a0\u00bbDamaged residential cladding\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.4″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb border_radii=\u00a0\u00bbon|20px|20px|20px|20px\u00a0\u00bb locked=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.4″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb locked=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]

Figure 2 – Rev\u00eatement r\u00e9sidentiel endommag\u00e9<\/h6>\r[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_2″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.20.4″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb10px|||3%|false|false\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px|||0%|false|false\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bb|||0%|false|false\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding_last_edited=\u00a0\u00bbon|tablet\u00a0\u00bb border_width_left=\u00a0\u00bb2px\u00a0\u00bb border_color_left=\u00a0\u00bb#00AFAE\u00a0\u00bb border_width_left_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb border_width_left_phone=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb border_width_left_last_edited=\u00a0\u00bbon|tablet\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_image src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/cep-experts.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/figure-3-surface-of-a-brick-veneer-not-hail-damaged.png\u00a0\u00bb alt=\u00a0\u00bbSurface of a brick veneer (not hail damaged)\u00a0\u00bb title_text=\u00a0\u00bbFigure 3_Surface of a brick veneer_not hail damaged\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.4″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb border_radii=\u00a0\u00bbon|20px|20px|20px|20px\u00a0\u00bb locked=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.4″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb locked=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]
Figure 3 – Surface d\u2019un parement en briques (non endommag\u00e9e par la gr\u00eale)<\/h6>\r[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbContenu 1 colonne: Intro, titre, photo, paragraphe\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.4″ background_size=\u00a0\u00bbinitial\u00a0\u00bb background_position=\u00a0\u00bbtop_left\u00a0\u00bb background_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbrepeat\u00a0\u00bb width=\u00a0\u00bb100%\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb0px||||false|false\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.16″ custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb|||\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding__hover=\u00a0\u00bb|||\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_text admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbText 4″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.4″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]

Le b\u00e9ton fra\u00eechement coul\u00e9 peut \u00eatre vuln\u00e9rable aux bosses ou aux fissures caus\u00e9es par la gr\u00eale s\u2019il n\u2019est pas prot\u00e9g\u00e9 avant de durcir. Il est toutefois extr\u00eamement improbable que des surfaces en b\u00e9ton durci soient endommag\u00e9es par la gr\u00eale. Il faut noter que certains enduits protecteurs ou esth\u00e9tiques appliqu\u00e9s sur le b\u00e9ton peuvent \u00eatre affect\u00e9s par la gr\u00eale ou par de fortes pluies, ou que des surfaces en b\u00e9ton d\u00e9j\u00e0 d\u00e9t\u00e9rior\u00e9es peuvent se d\u00e9grader davantage sous l\u2019effet des impacts de gr\u00eale.<\/p>\n

Dans le cadre de l\u2019\u00e9valuation des dommages caus\u00e9s par la gr\u00eale, on consid\u00e8re que les mat\u00e9riaux de toiture sont \u00ab endommag\u00e9s \u00bb lorsque leur dur\u00e9e de vie utile est compromise. Les types de mat\u00e9riaux de toiture r\u00e9agissent diff\u00e9remment aux impacts de gr\u00eale (fissures, bosses, marques, etc.). La gr\u00eale tombe de mani\u00e8re al\u00e9atoire sur l\u2019ensemble de la surface touch\u00e9e d\u2019un toit. Des indices permettant de d\u00e9terminer si une toiture a \u00e9t\u00e9 affect\u00e9e par la gr\u00eale peuvent \u00eatre observ\u00e9s sur les chemin\u00e9es m\u00e9talliques, les cl\u00f4tures, les solins et d\u2019autres \u00e9l\u00e9ments de la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 sensibles aux bosses. Toutefois, les mat\u00e9riaux du b\u00e2timent t\u00e9moignent de l\u2019ensemble des gr\u00ealons ayant frapp\u00e9 une propri\u00e9t\u00e9, et ne refl\u00e8tent pas n\u00e9cessairement une seule et r\u00e9cente temp\u00eate. Les \u00e9v\u00e9nements m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques pass\u00e9s doivent \u00e9galement \u00eatre pris en compte.<\/p>\n

M\u00eame si la taille n\u2019est pas le seul facteur qui influence la force de l\u2019impact d\u2019un gr\u00ealon, la liste suivante pr\u00e9sente les diam\u00e8tres typiques \u00e0 partir desquels des dommages aux mat\u00e9riaux de toiture courants sont g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement observ\u00e9s\u00a0:<\/p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbText 4″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.4″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]

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  • Bardeaux d\u2019asphalte<\/strong>\u00a0: gr\u00ealons de 2,5 \u00e0 3,8\u00a0cm<\/strong> de diam\u00e8tre (taille d\u2019une pi\u00e8ce de 25\u00a0cents \u00e0 celle d\u2019une balle de golf);<\/li>\n
  • Bardeaux ou bardeaux fendus en c\u00e8dre<\/strong>\u00a0: gr\u00ealons de 3,8\u00a0cm<\/strong> de diam\u00e8tre (taille d\u2019une balle de golf);<\/li>\n
  • Tuiles en argile ou en b\u00e9ton<\/strong>\u00a0: gr\u00ealons de 4,4\u00a0cm<\/strong> de diam\u00e8tre (taille d\u2019une balle de golf ou plus gros);<\/li>\n
  • Panneaux m\u00e9talliques \u2013 bosses ou dommages fonctionnels<\/strong>\u00a0: gr\u00ealons de 6,4\u00a0cm<\/strong> de diam\u00e8tre (taille d\u2019une balle de baseball);\n
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    • Les panneaux de toiture m\u00e9tallique peuvent se bosseler avec des gr\u00ealons de plus petite taille. Il est \u00e0 noter que ces bosses ne nuisent \u00e0 la performance du mat\u00e9riau que si le rev\u00eatement est endommag\u00e9, ce qui pourrait entra\u00eener de la corrosion \u00e0 long terme.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbCitation\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.4″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb text_font=\u00a0\u00bb||||||||\u00a0\u00bb text_text_color=\u00a0\u00bb#13a6a4″ text_line_height=\u00a0\u00bb1.2em\u00a0\u00bb locked=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]

      Il est important de souligner que la taille des dommages visibles sur une toiture ne correspond pas n\u00e9cessairement \u00e0 la taille r\u00e9elle des gr\u00ealons qui l\u2019ont percut\u00e9e.<\/strong><\/p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbText 4″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.4″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]

      Pour \u00e9valuer l\u2019ampleur des dommages caus\u00e9s par la gr\u00eale sur l\u2019ensemble d\u2019une toiture, on peut d\u00e9limiter une zone carr\u00e9e de 10\u00a0pieds sur 10\u00a0pieds (environ 3\u00a0m sur 3\u00a0m) afin d\u2019examiner les impacts en d\u00e9tail. Cette m\u00e9thode d\u2019\u00e9valuation est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement utilis\u00e9e lorsque des dommages \u00e9tendus caus\u00e9s par la gr\u00eale sont observ\u00e9s. La quantit\u00e9 de dommages relev\u00e9e dans cette zone peut ensuite \u00eatre extrapol\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019ensemble de la toiture, afin de d\u00e9terminer si le rev\u00eatement de toit peut \u00eatre r\u00e9par\u00e9 ou s\u2019il doit \u00eatre enti\u00e8rement remplac\u00e9.<\/p>\n

      Si les dommages ne semblent pas li\u00e9s \u00e0 la gr\u00eale ou si un remplacement complet du rev\u00eatement s\u2019impose de mani\u00e8re \u00e9vidente, l\u2019\u00e9tablissement d\u2019une zone de 10\u2019 x 10\u2019 peut \u00eatre jug\u00e9 inutile.<\/p>\n

      Voici une liste des signes courants de dommages caus\u00e9s la gr\u00eale en fonction des diff\u00e9rents types de rev\u00eatements de toiture\u00a0:<\/p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbText 4″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.4″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]

        \n
      • Bardeaux d\u2019asphalte<\/strong>: perte de granul\u00e9s, fissures ou perforations. Si les impacts de gr\u00eale ne sont pas r\u00e9par\u00e9s rapidement, le bardeau se d\u00e9t\u00e9riorera pr\u00e9matur\u00e9ment dans les zones o\u00f9 les granul\u00e9s sont absents et o\u00f9 l\u2019asphalte est expos\u00e9 (voir figure\u00a04);<\/li>\n<\/ul>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/cep-experts.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/figure-4-hail-damaged-asphalt-shingles-e1748032546759.jpg\u00a0\u00bb alt=\u00a0\u00bbHail-damaged asphalt shingles\u00a0\u00bb title_text=\u00a0\u00bbHail-damaged asphalt shingles\u00a0\u00bb admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbimage 1 \u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.4″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb width=\u00a0\u00bb100%\u00a0\u00bb max_height=\u00a0\u00bb650px\u00a0\u00bb border_radii=\u00a0\u00bbon|20px|20px|20px|20px\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.4″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb locked=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]
        Figure 4 – Bardeaux d\u2019asphalte endommag\u00e9s par la gr\u00eale<\/h6>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbContenu 1 colonne: Intro, titre, photo, paragraphe\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.4″ background_size=\u00a0\u00bbinitial\u00a0\u00bb background_position=\u00a0\u00bbtop_left\u00a0\u00bb background_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbrepeat\u00a0\u00bb width=\u00a0\u00bb100%\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb0px||||false|false\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.16″ custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb|||\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding__hover=\u00a0\u00bb|||\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_text admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbText 4″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.4″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]
          \n
        • Toitures m\u00e9talliques<\/strong>: bosses ou perforations. Si la bosse ne fracture pas le panneau m\u00e9tallique ni n\u2019endommage son rev\u00eatement protecteur, les impacts de gr\u00eale sont consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme esth\u00e9tiques<\/strong> et ne compromettent pas n\u00e9cessairement la performance fonctionnelle du toit (voir figure\u00a05);<\/li>\n
        • Tuiles en argile ou en b\u00e9ton<\/strong>: \u00e9clats, fissures et fractures (voir figure\u00a06);<\/li>\n
        • Bardeaux ou bardeaux fendus en c\u00e8dre<\/strong>: \u00e9clats, fentes et bosses (voir figure\u00a07);<\/li>\n
        • Membranes bitumineuses modifi\u00e9es (SBS)<\/strong>: les impacts de gr\u00eale peuvent d\u00e9placer les granul\u00e9s, causer des bosses (marques circulaires sur la membrane), fracturer la membrane et provoquer le d\u00e9laminage des couches du syst\u00e8me d\u2019\u00e9tanch\u00e9it\u00e9 (voir figure\u00a08). Toutefois, selon le type de syst\u00e8me, une toiture en bitume modifi\u00e9 est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement plus r\u00e9sistante<\/strong> aux dommages importants caus\u00e9s par la gr\u00eale;<\/li>\n
        • Autres produits pour toitures plates<\/strong> (p. ex. PVC, TPO, EPDM<\/strong>)\u00a0: ces mat\u00e9riaux peuvent subir des dommages dus aux impacts \u2013 en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral visibles sous forme de bosses, fissures, marques circulaires de type \u00ab \u0153il de b\u0153uf \u00bb, fractures, d\u00e9laminage, etc. Un investigateur forensique peut fournir des informations sp\u00e9cifiques sur ces produits.<\/li>\n<\/ul>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=\u00a0\u00bb1_2,1_2″ admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbContenu 2 colonnes: titres, paragraphes, texte bleu\u00a0\u00bb module_class=\u00a0\u00bbpost-2-columns\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.21.0″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb0px||||false|false\u00a0\u00bb locked=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_2″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.20.4″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb10px|2%|||false|false\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px|0%|||false|false\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bb|0%|||false|false\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding_last_edited=\u00a0\u00bbon|phone\u00a0\u00bb border_color_right=\u00a0\u00bb#13a6a4″ global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_image src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/cep-experts.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/figure-5-hail-damaged-metal-roofing.png\u00a0\u00bb alt=\u00a0\u00bbHail-damaged metal roofing\u00a0\u00bb title_text=\u00a0\u00bbFigure 5_Hail-damaged metal roofing\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.4″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb border_radii=\u00a0\u00bbon|20px|20px|20px|20px\u00a0\u00bb locked=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.4″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb locked=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]

          Figure 5 \u2013 Toiture m\u00e9tallique endommag\u00e9e par la gr\u00eale<\/p>\r[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/cep-experts.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/figure-7-hail-damaged-wood-shakes.png\u00a0\u00bb alt=\u00a0\u00bbHail damaged wood shakes\u00a0\u00bb title_text=\u00a0\u00bbFigure 7_Hail damaged wood shakes\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.4″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb border_radii=\u00a0\u00bbon|20px|20px|20px|20px\u00a0\u00bb locked=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.4″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb locked=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]

          Figure 7 \u2013 Bardeaux de bois endommag\u00e9s par la gr\u00eale<\/p>\r\n

           <\/p>\r[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_2″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.20.4″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb10px|||3%|false|false\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px|||0%|false|false\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bb|||0%|false|false\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding_last_edited=\u00a0\u00bbon|tablet\u00a0\u00bb border_width_left=\u00a0\u00bb2px\u00a0\u00bb border_color_left=\u00a0\u00bb#00AFAE\u00a0\u00bb border_width_left_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb border_width_left_phone=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb border_width_left_last_edited=\u00a0\u00bbon|tablet\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_image src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/cep-experts.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/figure-6-hail-damaged-clay-tiles-e1748034463631.png\u00a0\u00bb alt=\u00a0\u00bbHail damaged clay tiles\u00a0\u00bb title_text=\u00a0\u00bbFigure 6_Hail damaged clay tiles\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.4″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb border_radii=\u00a0\u00bbon|20px|20px|20px|20px\u00a0\u00bb locked=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.4″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb locked=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]

          Figure 6 \u2013 Tuiles en argile endommag\u00e9es par la gr\u00eale<\/p>\r[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/cep-experts.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/figure-8-hail-damaged-modified-bitumen-roofing.png\u00a0\u00bb alt=\u00a0\u00bbHail damaged modified bitumen roofing\u00a0\u00bb title_text=\u00a0\u00bbFigure 8_Hail damaged modified bitumen roofing\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.4″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb border_radii=\u00a0\u00bbon|20px|20px|20px|20px\u00a0\u00bb locked=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.4″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb locked=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]

          Figure 8 \u2013 Membrane de bitume modifi\u00e9 endommag\u00e9e par la gr\u00eale<\/p>\r[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbContenu 1 colonne: Intro, titre, photo, paragraphe\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.21.0″ background_size=\u00a0\u00bbinitial\u00a0\u00bb background_position=\u00a0\u00bbtop_left\u00a0\u00bb background_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbrepeat\u00a0\u00bb width=\u00a0\u00bb100%\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb0px||||false|false\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.16″ custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb|||\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding__hover=\u00a0\u00bb|||\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_text admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbText 16″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.4″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]

          Les dommages d\u00e9crits dans le pr\u00e9sent document sont de nature g\u00e9n\u00e9rale. Pour une analyse approfondie, CEP Forensique peut vous aider \u00e0 d\u00e9terminer la pr\u00e9sence et l\u2019\u00e9tendue des dommages caus\u00e9s par la gr\u00eale, ainsi qu\u2019\u00e0 \u00e9valuer si ces dommages nuisent au fonctionnement d\u2019un syst\u00e8me de toiture ou d\u2019un ensemble de rev\u00eatement ext\u00e9rieur.<\/p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbContenu 1 colonne: titre, texte encadr\u00e9 en vert, paragraphe, note grise en itallique, bouton final\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.21.0″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb locked=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.20.4″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_button button_url=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/cep-experts.ca\/fr\/ressources\/articles\/\u00a0\u00bb button_text=\u00a0\u00bbRetour aux articles\u00a0\u00bb admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbBOUTON FINAL – Retour aux articles\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.4″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb hover_enabled=\u00a0\u00bb0″ global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb sticky_enabled=\u00a0\u00bb0″][\/et_pb_button][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          Chaque ann\u00e9e, les temp\u00eates de gr\u00eale causent des dommages partout au Canada. Cet article pr\u00e9sente tous les facteurs qui doivent \u00eatre pris en compte lors de l\u2019identification et de l\u2019\u00e9valuation des dommages aux b\u00e2timents \u00e0 la suite d\u2019une temp\u00eate de gr\u00eale. Bien que la gr\u00eale frappe de mani\u00e8re plut\u00f4t uniforme la surface sur laquelle elle s\u2019abat, plusieurs facteurs peuvent influencer les dommages \u00e0 un b\u00e2timent \u00e0 la suite d\u2019une telle temp\u00eate. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":33888,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-33933","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nApr\u00e8s une temp\u00eate de gr\u00eale : \u00e9valuer et identifier les dommages aux b\u00e2timents - CEP Forensique<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/cep-experts.ca\/fr\/apres-une-tempete-de-grele-evaluer-et-identifier-les-dommages-aux-batiments\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_CA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Apr\u00e8s une temp\u00eate de gr\u00eale : \u00e9valuer et identifier les dommages aux b\u00e2timents - CEP Forensique\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Chaque ann\u00e9e, les temp\u00eates de gr\u00eale causent des dommages partout au Canada. Cet article pr\u00e9sente tous les facteurs qui doivent \u00eatre pris en compte lors de l\u2019identification et de l\u2019\u00e9valuation des dommages aux b\u00e2timents \u00e0 la suite d\u2019une temp\u00eate de gr\u00eale. Bien que la gr\u00eale frappe de mani\u00e8re plut\u00f4t uniforme la surface sur laquelle elle s\u2019abat, plusieurs facteurs peuvent influencer les dommages \u00e0 un b\u00e2timent \u00e0 la suite d\u2019une telle temp\u00eate.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/cep-experts.ca\/fr\/apres-une-tempete-de-grele-evaluer-et-identifier-les-dommages-aux-batiments\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"CEP Forensique\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-05-23T21:12:44+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-05-30T17:45:52+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/cep-experts.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/feature-image-hailstones-hail-damage.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1705\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1012\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"cynthia\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"cynthia\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Estimation du temps de lecture\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"9 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cep-experts.ca\/fr\/apres-une-tempete-de-grele-evaluer-et-identifier-les-dommages-aux-batiments\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cep-experts.ca\/fr\/apres-une-tempete-de-grele-evaluer-et-identifier-les-dommages-aux-batiments\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"cynthia\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cep-experts.ca\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/bee85dd6361a906d9b914c78747f7480\"},\"headline\":\"Apr\u00e8s une temp\u00eate de gr\u00eale : \u00e9valuer et identifier les dommages aux b\u00e2timents\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-05-23T21:12:44+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-05-30T17:45:52+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cep-experts.ca\/fr\/apres-une-tempete-de-grele-evaluer-et-identifier-les-dommages-aux-batiments\/\"},\"wordCount\":3120,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cep-experts.ca\/fr\/apres-une-tempete-de-grele-evaluer-et-identifier-les-dommages-aux-batiments\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/cep-experts.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/feature-image-hailstones-hail-damage.jpg\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-CA\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cep-experts.ca\/fr\/apres-une-tempete-de-grele-evaluer-et-identifier-les-dommages-aux-batiments\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/cep-experts.ca\/fr\/apres-une-tempete-de-grele-evaluer-et-identifier-les-dommages-aux-batiments\/\",\"name\":\"Apr\u00e8s une temp\u00eate de gr\u00eale : \u00e9valuer et identifier les dommages aux b\u00e2timents - 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